No contexto do inglês instrumental, que é focado na leitura e compreensão de textos técnicos, acadêmicos ou específicos, os termos skimming e scanning se referem a duas técnicas de leitura distintas, mas complementares:
Vejamos de uma forma mais prática: imagine que você precisa de uma informação mais geral dentro de um texto ou que esteja o relendo para compreender melhor o assunto. Nesse caso, é natural que se faça uma leitura mais vasta, embora superficial. Essa é a técnica do skimming.
Por outro lado, caso a sua busca se resuma em apenas encontrar uma informação específica, é quase intuitivo que se faça uma leitura mais rápida até se deter na informação desejada. Nesse contexto, usa-se o scanning.
1. Skimming (Leitura rápida para ideia geral)
- Objetivo: Captar rapidamente a ideia principal de um texto.
- Como fazer: Ler apenas partes essenciais, como títulos, subtítulos, introdução, primeiras e últimas frases de parágrafos e palavras-chave destacadas.
- Quando usar: Quando você precisa obter uma visão geral do texto, decidir se ele é relevante ou entender o tema principal sem ler cada detalhe.
Exemplo: Ao ler uma reportagem de jornal para saber se o assunto é interessante.
2. Scanning (Leitura rápida para localizar informações específicas)
- Objetivo: Buscar dados ou informações específicas dentro de um texto.
- Como fazer: Percorrer o texto com os olhos rapidamente em busca de números, datas, nomes ou palavras-chave relevantes.
- Quando usar: Quando você já sabe o que está procurando.
Exemplo: Procurar uma data histórica específica em um artigo ou localizar uma fórmula em um texto científico.
Diferença principal:
- Skimming = visão geral rápida.
- Scanning = busca direcionada e específica.
Essas técnicas são fundamentais para otimizar o tempo e melhorar a eficiência na leitura de textos extensos ou técnicos.
Activity: Practicing Skimming and Scanning
Text for Reference:
> The Invention of the Telephone
The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. Bell was a Scottish-born inventor who moved to Canada and later to the United States. His invention revolutionized communication, allowing people to speak to each other over long distances. The first successful telephone call took place on March 10, 1876, when Bell famously said to his assistant, "Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you." Today, telephones have evolved into smartphones, which combine multiple technologies in one device.
Part 1: Skimming (Reading for the Main Idea)
Instructions: Read the text quickly and answer:
1. What is the main topic of the text?
2. Who invented the telephone?
3. What famous phrase did Bell say during the first telephone call?
Part 2: Scanning (Reading to Find Specific Information)
Instructions: Scan the text quickly to find and answer the following questions:
1. In what year was the telephone invented?
2. What was Alexander Graham Bell’s nationality?
3. On what date did the first telephone call take place?
4. What is the modern version of the telephone called?
Activity: Practicing Skimming and Scanning
Text for Reference:
> The Invention of the Telephone
The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. Bell was a Scottish-born inventor who moved to Canada and later to the United States. His invention revolutionized communication, allowing people to speak to each other over long distances. The first successful telephone call took place on March 10, 1876, when Bell famously said to his assistant, "Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you." Today, telephones have evolved into smartphones, which combine multiple technologies in one device.
Part 1: Skimming (Reading for the Main Idea)
Instructions: Read the text quickly and answer:
1. What is the main topic of the text?
2. Who invented the telephone?
3. What famous phrase did Bell say during the first telephone call?
Part 2: Scanning (Reading to Find Specific Information)
Instructions: Scan the text quickly to find and answer the following questions:
1. In what year was the telephone invented?
2. What was Alexander Graham Bell’s nationality?
3. On what date did the first telephone call take place?
4. What is the modern version of the telephone called?
Part 3: Multiple-Choice Questions (Objective Questions)
Instructions: Choose the correct answer based on the text.
1. Where was Alexander Graham Bell born?
a) United States
b) Canada
c) Scotland
d) England
2. What was the purpose of Bell’s invention?
a) To send written messages faster
b) To improve military communication
c) To allow people to speak over long distances
d) To create a new form of entertainment
3. What year did Alexander Graham Bell move to the United States?
a) 1865
b) 1870
c) 1876
d) The text doesn’t mention it
4. Which of the following best describes a smartphone according to the text?
a) A device that only allows phone calls
b) A device that combines multiple technologies
c) A communication tool for emergencies
d) A device that Bell originally invented
5. What is the significance of the phrase "Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you"?
a) It was a greeting to Bell's friend.
b) It was the first message successfully transmitted by telephone.
c) It was a coded message during a war.
d) It was part of Bell's invention patent
Answer Key:
Skimming:
1. Main topic: The invention of the telephone.
2. Inventor of the telephone: Alexander Graham Bell.
3. Famous phrase: "Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you."
Scanning:
1. Year of invention: 1876
2. Bell’s nationality: Scottish
3. Date of the first telephone call: March 10, 1876
4. Modern version: Smartphones
Multiple-Choice Questions:
1. c) Scotland
2. c) To allow people to speak over long distances
3. d) The text doesn’t mention it
4. b) The device that combines multiple technologies
5. b) It was the first message successfully transmitted by telephone
Essa atividade agora inclui tanto perguntas abertas quanto
objetivas para consolidar o aprendizado das técnicas de skimming e scanning. Caso queira mais desafios ou textos mais avançados, é só avisar!
